战略性新兴产业背景下高等学校专业结构调整分析

后金融危机时代，在大力发展战略性新兴产业背景下，必须加强高校专业结构调整力度。基于产业结构调整与高校专业结构调整之间的辩证互动关系和国外经验，新形势下，高校专业结构调整的基本原则是：动态、优势、特色和非均衡；其总体思路是，以学生为本，重视学生的个性发展。立足社会需要，努力打造能够适应时代变化和市场需求的高等学校专业课程体系。     

基于设计链构建与推广农业机械新技术应用研究 ——以农机新技术免耕播种机应用为例

文章基于在传统农机产品开发模式下,开发的农机产品存在质量差、科技投入的效率不够高、研发周期长等问题,文章引入设计链开发农业机械新产品,并针对农机产品开发的特殊性,重点关注应用设计链开发农机新产品的适用性、设计链构建以及运作中存在的问题.     

Effect of Different Crossbred Combinations on Fatting Performance in Beef Cattle

This study was aimed to determine the effects of different crossbred combinations on fatting performance in beef cattle. Using single factor randomized block design, 30 bulls (health, similar weight and age) were chosen, Simmental cattle×Kerqin beef cattle (group A), Charolais cattle×Kerqin crossbred beef cattle (group B) and Kerqin beef cattle (group C) were divided into three groups with 10 bulls per group. After 95 d, the body weight, slaughter performance, meat quality and the economic benefits of fattening were measured. The results showed that there were no significant influence on dry matter intake among trials (P>0.05). The F/G, ethanolic extract (EE) of muscle in crossbred groups (groups A and B) were significant lower than group C (P<0.05). The weight of carcass, weight of meat, rate of carcass, and the weight of shank, plate, chine and rump in crossbred groups were significant higher than group C (P<0.05). There were no significant difference in content of amino acids among groups (P>0.05),and it had difference in the content of palmitoleic acid (PAA),stearic acid(SA) and linoleic acid (LA). In this trial, it had better fattening performance and the economic benefits in crossbred cattle groups than Kerqin beef group cattle, but the ethanolic extract and unsaturated fatty acids of muscle in Kerqin beef cattle were higher than the crossbred groups, and it had better fattening performance by crossbred.     

海南省深松技术应用分析与发展建议

土壤深松作为保护性耕作技术重要环节之一,得到国家相关部门的大力支持与推广应用,并取得了良好的效果。文章通过分析已有的深松技术作用效果、深松机具与技术模式等,指出海南省土壤深松技术发展面临的问题,并结合海南省气候、土壤及作物等特点,提出了相应的对策建议。     

Research Progress on Immunoglobulin of Yolk in the Prevention and Treatment of Various Diseases

Immunoglobulin of yolk (IgY) refers to the specific antibodies from the immune eggs, is the most important immunoglobulin in the yolk,which has the characteristics of stable chemical properties, high yield, low cost, high specificity and no toxic side effects, there was no cross serological reaction among animals breeds because of a long distance. IgY has a significant advantage in animal and human disease prevention and treatment. In this research,we reviewed the application of structural characteristics, physicochemical property and action mechanism of IgY in prevention treatment of animal disease and developing prospect, especially in the treatment of animal diseases, such as diarrhea and acute treatment of animal spirit, harm, large virus disease; zoonosis seriously endanger the safety of human property; Other aspects such as aquaculture, animal fur and other major diseases. IgY could effectively prevent and treat animal diseases, but also reduce the possibility of zoonosis, which will be of great significance for the protection of personal safety.     

甘南玛曲七种主要饲草营养价值比较

对甘南玛曲七种主要饲草的干草产量、高度、常规养分(粗蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、钙、磷)进行测定,用灰色关联度法对其营养价值进行评价.结果表明:天然草地干草产量为2882kg/hm2,比新疆大叶苜蓿、甘农l号苜蓿、红豆草和箭(苫)豌豆高,比绿麦、燕麦和垂穗披碱草低,牧草营养价值为甘农1号苜蓿＞绿麦＞箭(苫)豌豆＞垂穗披碱草＞新疆大叶苜蓿＞燕麦＞天然草地＞红豆草.     

磷壁酸在细菌黏附、定植及免疫调节过程中的作用

磷壁酸是革兰氏阳性菌细胞壁的主要成分,在细菌自我保护、离子平衡、细胞分裂及其与宿主细胞互作等过程中发挥着重要生理作用。本文综述了磷壁酸在革兰氏阳性菌黏附、定植及免疫调节过程中的作用,阐述了磷壁酸识别的细胞膜受体蛋白,旨在为深入解析细菌在肠黏膜细胞膜上的黏附定植机制提供新线索。     

十二指肠灌注亮氨酸对奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌的影响

本试验旨在研究十二指肠灌注亮氨酸对奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌的影响。以4头周岁荷斯坦母牛[(215±7)kg]为试验动物,手术安装十二指肠胰液收集袋、灌注管和回流管以及颈静脉插管,采用4×4拉丁方试验设计,进行十二指肠亮氨酸灌注试验[(灌注水平分别为0、29.5、59.1和88.6μmol/(kg.h)]。结果表明,随亮氨酸灌注水平升高,血浆胰岛素和胆囊收缩素浓度升高(P<0.05),胰腺α-淀粉酶合成速率(U/h)呈先升高后降低趋势(P<0.01),在29.5μmol/(kg.h)灌注水平时最大。十二指肠灌注亮氨酸也极显著影响了胰腺α-淀粉酶分泌浓度(U/L,P<0.01;U/g prot,P<0.01)。结果表明,亮氨酸可能通过刺激胰岛素和胆囊收缩素释放,调控青年奶牛胰腺淀粉酶分泌功能,二者存在剂量效应。     

超声波辅助提取菜用黄麻色素及其抗氧化活性的研究

采用单因素试验分析和正交试验设计,研究超声波辅助提取菜用黄麻色素的工艺条件,用Fenton法测定菜用黄麻色素的抗氧化活性.结果表明:(1)影响色素提取的因素为料液比>超声频率>提取温度>提取时间;(2)提取的最佳条件为使用60∶40(V/V)的0.1%盐酸和95%乙醇作为提取剂,料液比1∶80(g.mL-1),超声频率为中频,提取时间30 min,提取温度为60℃;以此工艺条件提取色素的产率达25.04%;(3)该色素溶液还原力强,具有清除超氧阴离子自由基O2.-和.OH的活性,在色素浓度为0.20 g.L-1时,对超氧阴离子自由基O2.-的清除率为70.11%,对.OH的清除率为83%.     

肠道营养物质代谢的仔猪动-静脉插管技术的建立

选用28日龄断奶仔猪10头,分别在其颈动脉、肝门静脉和肠系膜静脉安装插管,待仔猪恢复1周后,通过肠系膜静脉连续灌注1%对氨基马尿酸测定仔猪采食后0～6 h内门静脉的血流速度.结果显示,体质量为9.97 kg的仔猪在采食前的血流速度为1.78 L·kg-1·h-1或295 mL/min,采食后1 h内血流速度快速上升,比采食前的血流速度提高了23.6%,1～5 h内血流速度的变化趋于平缓,6 h血流速度达到最高(2.52 L·kg-1·h-1或419mL/min);10头试猪中的6头可成功用于肠道营养物质代谢研究.本试验建立的仔猪颈动脉-门静脉-肠系膜静脉插管系统为肠道营养物质代谢的研究提供了技术支持.